Biology is undoubtedly one of the most important subjects a kid should learn. The basics of biology will help them in several ways and situations in life. Hence, it is essential to teach the fundamentals or basics of biology to children.
This article will cover the basic biology for kids: origin, the definition of biology, and definitions of the fundamentals topics in biology, such as human beings, animals, plants, and learn about biological weathering needed for kids.
Definition of Biology
Biology is a branch of science that deals with the study of living organisms like human beings, plants, and animals. This study of life includes the behaviour and all other qualities of a specific living organism or a class of living organisms.
There are different classifications in the subject of biology, which you will learn in the higher classes. They include Agriculture, Botany, Zoology, Biochemistry, Ecology, and Physiology.
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#1. Agriculture: the study of producing crops from the land
#2. Botany: the study of plants
#3. Zoology: the study of animals
#4. Biochemistry: the chemical reactions needed to support life
#5. Ecology: the study of how organisms interact with their environment
#6. Physiology: the study of how living organisms function
Origin
The word biology is derived from the Greek word “bios” which means life, and “logia”, which means the study. The two meanings put together make biology the study of life. The different important topics of basic biology for kids include:
#1. The Human Body
The study of the human body is one of the most significant parts of biology.
The human body is a complex system that consists of cells, tissues, organs, and various parts that work together to form a living organism. Some parts of the human body are the brain, head, limbs, neck, and more.
The human body also consists of five types of senses to convey and receive information. They are eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin. The different systems of the body include muscular, nervous, skeletal, immune, endocrine, respiratory, circulatory, integumentary, urinary, and reproductive systems.
Some Facts about the Human Body
#1. Human beings are born with 270 bones and by adulthood, several bones fuse and become 206.
#2. The human body is made of 37 trillion cells.
#3. The human heart beats 1,00,000 times a day.
#4. 60% of the human body is made of water.
#5. Every second, the human body produces 25 million new cells.
Cell
A cell is the smallest functional and structural unit of a living organism. All living beings are made up of cells, and an organism contains different types of cells, like the white blood cells and the red blood cells, and so on.
Tissue
When several structural and functional cells come together to perform a similar function, they become tissues.
Organs
Organs are independent parts of the body that carry out particular functions in the body. Organs are made up of several tissues. Examples are the heart, lungs, liver, stomach, among others.
#2. Animals
Animals feed on plants or other animals and drink water to live. Millions of species of animals live on the surface of the earth. They survive on their own, give birth, and protect their children. Different types of Animal families are Birds, Insects, Mammals, Reptiles, Amphibians, and many more.
Types of Animals
#. Carnivores: The animals which are identified as carnivores are those who derive energy by feeding on other animals for survival. Examples are snakes, lions, lizards, and nocturnal birds.
#. Herbivores: Animals that feed entirely on plants for their food are known as Herbivores. Examples are a cow, horse, goat, deer, etc.
#. Omnivores: These animals can eat both plants and other animals for survival. Examples include birds and human beings, etc.
#3. Plants
Plants are the living organisms that cover most of the Earth’s surface. Unlike animals and human beings, they make their own food for their survival through photosynthesis. Plants belong to the kingdom called “Plantae”. Plants take in carbon dioxide and other elements, and in return, provide oxygen for human beings and animals. Hence, in a way, the survival of other beings depends on plants.
There are different parts of a plant cell. The outermost layer is made of rigid cells that protect them from the external environment, chloroplasts that help in photosynthesis, a nucleus, and huge vacuoles filled with water.
Basic Structure of Plants
Plants are mostly made of three parts called stems, roots, and leaves.
#. Leaf: The leaf is a part of the plant that aids in the process of photosynthesis. The main function of leaves is to capture energy from sunlight and collect carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. However, leaves come in many varied shapes and sizes.
#. Stem: The stem is the part of the tree structure that supports and keeps together the leaves and flowers of a plant. Stems have tissues that move to transport food and water across the plant to help it grow. Food is most often stored in the stems of plants.
#. Roots: The roots of a plant grow under the ground. Roots are the part of the plant that keeps them from falling over and gather all the required minerals and water from the soil. Some plants also store food in their roots.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process used by plants to make food. In simple words, plants take in sunlight as energy, carbon dioxide exhaled from animals and humans and water from rains, and through the process of photosynthesis, release glucose and oxygen.
Biology Weathering for Kids
Biological or Organic weathering is a process in which rocks break down due to heat, water, wind, or the actions of living beings. Some of the common reasons for biological weathering are the release of acids by plants and animals that break the rocks or the activities of rabbits and other burrowing animals that can burrow into a crack in a rock, making a bigger split to the rocks.
Apart from the above topics, we have DNA, genes, diseases, and nutrition which are also a part of biology.
Conclusion
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